Cholestyramine (Prevalite Powder) is primarily used to lower cholesterol levels in the blood, especially low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, which is often referred to as "bad" cholesterol. By binding to bile acids in the intestines and preventing their reabsorption, it helps the liver produce more bile acids using cholesterol, thus lowering overall cholesterol levels.
Cholestyramine is also used to treat pruritus (itching) caused by bile acid malabsorption or liver disease such as cholestasis, where bile is not properly excreted, causing itching. Additionally, it can be used to manage diarrhea caused by bile acid malabsorption or after ileal resection, a surgical procedure that removes part of the small intestine.
Cholestyramine (Prevalite Powder) carries several important warnings. It should be used with caution in individuals with gastrointestinal disorders, such as intestinal obstruction or severe constipation, as it can worsen these conditions. The medication may also interfere with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K), which can lead to deficiencies, especially with long-term use. Regular monitoring of vitamin levels is important for those taking cholestyramine over extended periods. Additionally, cholestyramine can affect the absorption of other medications, so it’s crucial to space out doses of other drugs, taking them at least one hour before or four to six hours after cholestyramine. Patients with liver disease or those on blood thinners should also be monitored closely. If any unusual symptoms, such as severe abdominal pain or significant gastrointestinal discomfort, occur, a healthcare provider should be contacted immediately.
An overdose of cholestyramine (Prevalite Powder) can lead to severe gastrointestinal issues, including constipation, abdominal bloating, and intestinal obstruction. In more severe cases, an overdose could exacerbate these conditions and lead to impaction or difficulty passing stools. Additionally, excessive use of cholestyramine may interfere with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K), potentially leading to deficiencies. If an overdose is suspected, immediate medical attention is necessary. Treatment typically involves supportive care, including addressing gastrointestinal symptoms and monitoring for any complications, such as nutrient deficiencies or interactions with other medications.