Ibuprofen (Motrin) is commonly used to relieve pain, reduce fever, and manage inflammation. It is effective in treating mild to moderate pain such as headaches, toothaches, muscle aches, and pain from minor injuries or sprains. It is also widely used to reduce fever in conditions like colds, flu, and other infections. In addition, ibuprofen is helpful for managing inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, bursitis, and tendonitis, as it reduces both pain and swelling. Women often use ibuprofen to alleviate pain associated with menstrual cramps, and it is frequently recommended for managing postoperative pain following surgery or medical procedures. By inhibiting certain enzymes, ibuprofen helps to decrease inflammation, pain, and fever, providing relief for a variety of common conditions.
Common side effects include upset stomach, nausea, dizziness, and headache. Long-term or high-dose use can lead to more serious side effects such as stomach ulcers, gastrointestinal bleeding, kidney damage, and increased risk of heart attack or stroke.
Ibuprofen should be used with caution in individuals with a history of stomach ulcers, gastrointestinal bleeding, or kidney disease. It should also be avoided or used under strict supervision in people with heart disease, high blood pressure, or those who are pregnant, especially in the third trimester, due to risks to the fetus. Prolonged use should be minimized to reduce the risk of serious side effects, and it is important to follow dosing instructions carefully to avoid overdose or complications.
An ibuprofen overdose can lead to serious health complications, including nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, dizziness, and headache. In more severe cases, symptoms may include confusion, difficulty breathing, gastrointestinal bleeding (indicated by black or tarry stools or vomit resembling coffee grounds), severe abdominal pain, and kidney damage. An overdose can also cause tinnitus (ringing in the ears), extreme drowsiness, or even coma and heart problems such as arrhythmia. Immediate medical attention is necessary if an overdose is suspected, as treatment may involve gastric lavage (stomach pumping), activated charcoal, and intravenous fluids. The healthcare provider will also monitor kidney function and other vital signs to prevent further complications. To avoid overdose, it is essential to adhere to the recommended dosage and avoid exceeding the maximum daily limit, which is typically 1200 mg for over-the-counter use unless directed otherwise by a healthcare professional.